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The 3GWSC design emphasis will shift from hardware cost-performance and energy-efficiency to easing application engineering. The reliance on flash memory for long-term storage will create a solid-state server that has both much faster and more consistent storage latency and bandwidth. Custom SoCs connected by optical links will enable servers in a 3GWSC to have better network interfaces and be one- to two-orders of magnitude larger than the servers of today, which should simplify both application development and WSC operations. Thus, a WSC of 2020 will be composed of ~400 3GWSC servers instead of ~100,000 4U servers.

Such a 3GWSC server would certainly be considered a supercomputer, but unlike those for high performance computing, it will be multiprogrammed—for both interactive and batch applications—be fault tolerant so as to be available 24x7, and be tail tolerant to deliver predictable response times.

As a concrete example, we describe FireBox, a research prototype of a 3GWSC server being designed and built in the ASPIRE Lab at UC Berkeley. It will have:

• 1000 SoCs, each with 100 cores per SoC, or a total of 100,000 cores;
• 1000 Flash memory modules, each with 100 terabytes per module, or a total of 100 petabytes;
• Compression and encryption hardware in each SoC, so that data will always be compressed and encrypted when transmitted or stored;
• 1 terabit/second optical links to each SoC and memory module; and
• A redundant, high-radix switch to interconnect the optical links.

Before constructing Firebox, we will explore the design space using DIABLO 2 (Datacenter In A Box at LOw cost), which is an FPGA-based simulator that will be able to run the full software stack while simulating FireBox's 1000 SoCs, 1000 Flash memory modules, optical links, and the high radix switch. As both FireBox and DIABLO 2 are ambitious, we are looking for collaborators to help build them.

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Andy Bechtolsheim is the Founder, Chief Development Officer and Chairman of Arista Networks.

Previously Andy was a Founder and Chief System Architect at Sun Microsystems, where most recently he was responsible for industry standard server architecture. Andy was also a Founder and President of Granite Systems, a Gigabit Ethernet startup acquired by Cisco Systems in 1996. From 1996 until 2003 Andy served as VP/GM of the Gigabit Systems Business Unit at Cisco that developed the very successful Catalyst 4500 family of switches. Andy was also a Founder and President of Kealia, a next generation server company acquired by Sun in 2004.

Andy received an M.S. in Computer Engineering from Carnegie Mellon University in 1976 and was a Ph.D. Student at Stanford University from 1977 until 1982.

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Dr. Richard Grzybowski is the Executive Director of OpSIS and Chief Technical Officer at Photonic Controls. Prior to this, Dr. Grzybowski was Research Director of Systems Engineering & Program Management at Corning Inc. where he led the systems engineering competency for the Science & Technology organization with special emphasis on early stage programs for keystone components in complex systems. Dr. Grzybowski developed and led an organization of program leaders bringing systems engineering to major projects. Products developed included high performance glass manufacturing, automotive controls, ultra-capacitors, RF distribution systems, optical backplanes (25G), optical switches (40G), and optical transceivers from research to early stage manufacturing. Dr. Grzybowski has authored and been awarded multiple DoD, DARPA and DoE contracts where he has served as program manager and chief systems engineer. These programs have included the delivery of supercomputer optical interconnect products and harsh environment jet engine control systems.

Dr. Grzybowski's research interests include silicon photonics, optical interconnect networks for high performance supercomputers and system applications operating in harsh environments. Dr. Grzybowski has served as Chairman of the Industrial Board of Directors for the Optoelectronics Industry Development Association (OIDA) and is currently Chairman of the Industrial Board of Directors for the MIT Microphotonics Center's Communication Technologies Roadmapping Consortium. Richard holds a Ph.D. from the University of Connecticut, a M.S. from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, and a B.S. from Yale University-all in electrical engineering. He also has a diploma in Organ Performance from the Hartt School of Music. He has 23 patents, over 80 publications and is a co-author of the book High Temperature Electronics (CRC Press).

Richard is a senior member of the IEEE and past Secretary of INCOSE and General Chair of the upcoming 2014 IEEE Optical Interconnects Conference.

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Quality of consumer experience is increasingly the most meaningful measure of internet prosperity, be such quality measurement by the internet consumer themselves, the provider of "apps" (mobile or browser), the internet/telco service provider, or increasingly even the regulator. As this presentation observes, such quality of experience has been generally strained by increased consumer-internet devices/things and increasing use of video applications. This per-device consumer experience is often not improved by purportedly higher speeds, fiber-to-the-home, but rather by attention to the temporal, location-specific, and statistical performance of the access connection and the consumer's user patterns.

Various successful methods of improved measurement and access-connection optimization are overviewed to demonstrate effective quality of consumer experience improvement on access networks comprised of various amounts of copper, fiber, and unlicensed wireless spectra (Wi-Fi). An application known as Cloudcheck is used as an example of effective measure and improved consumer quality of experience. As such, it becomes possible to measure and increase how "hot" is anyone's internet

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